Ngaphansi kobuciko bendabuko be-400V, uzibuthe ongunaphakadeizinjinibathambekele ekushiseni nasekuphelelweni uzibuthe ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu zamanje nezejubane eliphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthuthukisa amandla emoto jikelele. Lokhu kunikeza ithuba le-architecture engu-800V ukuze kuzuzwe amandla emoto akhulisiwe ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo amanje. Ngaphansi kokwakhiwa kwe-800V, iimotoibhekene nezidingo ezimbili ezinkulu: ukuthwala ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokufakwa ngaphakathi.
Amathrendi Omzila Wezobuchwepheshe:
Umzila wenqubo yama-motor: intambo eyisicaba. I-motor yocingo oluyisicaba ibhekisela ku-aimotoesebenzisa i-stator ene-copper eyisicaba evalayo (ikakhulukazi i-synchronous motor synchronous kazibuthe unomphela). Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-circular wire motor, i-flat wire motor inezinzuzo ezifana nosayizi omncane, izinga eliphezulu lokugcwalisa slot, amandla aphezulu aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kwe-NVH, kanye nokusebenza okungcono kwe-thermal nokusebenza kokukhipha ukushisa. Ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana kangcono nokuphishekela ukusebenza kwe-lightweight, high density, nezinye izidingo zokusebenza ngaphansi kwamapulatifomu kagesi aphezulu, Ngasikhathi sinye, ingadambisa inkinga yokugqwala okubangelwa ukuwohloka kwefilimu kawoyela kanye nokwakheka kwe-shaft current lapho i-shaft voltage iphezulu.
I-1.Motor ukupholisa ubuchwepheshe: ukupholisa uwoyela. Ukupholisa uwoyela kuxazulula ububi bobuchwepheshe bokupholisa amanzi ngokunciphisa umthamo wemoto nokwandisa amandla. Inzuzo yokupholisa uwoyela ukuthi uwoyela unezakhiwo ezingaqhubeki nezingezona kazibuthe, ukusebenza okungcono kokufakwa kwe-insulation, futhi ungathintana ngqo nezingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lamafutha lipholileizinjinicishe aphansi ngo-15% kunalawo amanzi apholisiweizinjini, okwenza kube lula ukuthi injini ikhiphe ukushisa.
Ukulawulwa kukagesi: Isixazululo esihlukile se-SiC, esibonisa izinzuzo zokusebenza
Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, wehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi wehlise nevolumu. Ngokuthuthukiswa kweplathifomu yokusebenza kwamandla kagesi aphezulu angu-800V wamabhethri, kuye kwabekwa izidingo eziphakeme zezingxenye ezihlobene nokushayela kukagesi nokulawula ngogesi.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Fodie Power, amadivaysi e-silicon carbide anezinzuzo ezilandelayo ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yesilawuli sezimoto:
1. Ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithwalo ephansi ohlelweni lokulawula i-elekthronikhi, ikhulise ububanzi bemoto ngo-5-10%;
2. Khulisa ukuminyana kwamandla wesilawuli kusuka ku-18kw/L kuya ku-45kw/L, okuhambisana nokwenza okuncane;
3. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwendawo esebenza kahle ebalwa ngama-85% ngama-6%, futhi kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yomthwalo ophakathi nendawo nophansi ngo-10%;
4. Umthamo we-silicon carbide electronic control prototype uncishiswe ngo-40%, ongathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusetshenziswa kwendawo futhi usize ekuthuthukisweni komkhuba we-miniaturization.
Ukubalwa kwesikhala sokulawula ugesi: Usayizi wemakethe ungafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.5,
Iminyaka emithathu CAGR189.9%
Ekubalweni kwendawo yesilawuli semoto ngaphansi kwemodeli yemoto engu-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
1. Imoto yamandla entsha ngaphansi kweplatifomu ene-voltage ephezulu ifakwe isethi yezilawuli zezimoto noma umhlangano wokushayela ugesi;
2. Inani lemoto eyodwa: Ngokusekelwe emalini engenayo/ekuthengiswayo kwemikhiqizo ehambisanayo emenyezelwe embikweni wonyaka wango-2021 we-Intel, inani lingu-1141.29 yuan/set. Uma sicabangela ukuthi ukuthandwa nokukhuthazwa kwamadivayisi e-silicon carbide emkhakheni wemikhiqizo yokulawula i-elekthronikhi esikhathini esizayo kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwenani leyunithi yemikhiqizo, sicabanga ukuthi intengo yeyunithi izoba yi-1145 yuan / isethwe ngo-2022 futhi inyuke ngonyaka unyaka.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngo-2025, indawo yemakethe yasekhaya neyembulunga yonke yabalawuli bakagesi ku-platform ye-800V izoba yi-1.154 billion yuan kanye ne-2.486 billion yuan, ngokulandelanayo. I-CAGR yeminyaka engama-22-25 izoba ngu-172.02% kanye no-189.98%.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla emoto: Isicelo sedivayisi ye-SiC, esekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-800V
Mayelana nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza komkhiqizo: Uma kuqhathaniswa namashubhu e-silicon MOS endabuko, amashubhu e-silicon carbide MOS anezici ezinhle kakhulu njengokumelana ne-conduction ephansi, ukumelana nogesi ophakeme, izici ezinhle ze-high-frequency, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, namandla amancane kakhulu okuhlanganisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yokuphakelwa kwamandla emoto (OBC) efakwe amadivayisi asekelwe ku-Si, ingakhuphula imvamisa yokushintsha, yehlise ivolumu, yehlise isisindo, ithuthukise ukuminyana kwamandla, futhi ikhulise ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, imvamisa yokushintsha ikhuphuke izikhathi ezingama-4-5; Nciphisa ivolumu cishe izikhathi ezi-2; Yehlisa isisindo izikhathi ezi-2; Ukuminyana kwamandla kunyusiwe kusuka ku-2.1 kuya ku-3.3kw/L; Ukusebenza ngcono ngo-3%+.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-SiC kungasiza imikhiqizo yamandla ezimoto ukuthi ihambisane namathrendi afana nokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa okuphakeme, nokwenza kancane kancane, nokuzivumelanisa kangcono nezidingo zokushaja okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwamapulatifomu angu-800V. Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi kagesi we-SiC ku-DC/DC kungaletha ukumelana nogesi ophezulu, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, nesisindo esingasindi emishinini.
Mayelana nokudala ukukhula kwemakethe: Ukuze uvumelane nenqwaba yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-400V DC, izimoto ezifakwe ipulatifomu yamandla kagesi angu-800V kufanele zifakwe isiguquli esengeziwe se-DC/DC ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-400V iye ku-800V yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC yamabhethri kagesi, okuphinde kwenyuse isidingo semishini ye-DC/DC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isiteji se-high-voltage siye sakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamashaja asebhodini, okuletha izengezo ezintsha kuma-OBC ane-voltage ephezulu.
Ukubalwa Kwendawo Yokuhlinzeka Amandla Wezimoto: Ngaphezu kwama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu emkhathini eminyakeni engama-25, i-CAGR ephindwe kabili eminyakeni engama-22-25
Ekubalweni kwendawo yomkhiqizo wokuphakelwa kwamandla emoto (i-DC/DC converter&ishaja yemoto OBC) ngaphansi kwemodeli yemoto engu-800V, sicabangela ukuthi:
Imoto yamandla entsha ifakwe isethi yeziguquli ze-DC/DC kanye neshaja engaphakathi kwe-OBC noma isethi yemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yamandla angaphakathi;
Indawo Yemakethe Yemikhiqizo Yamandla Ezimoto=Ukuthengiswa Kwezimoto Ezintsha Zamandla × Inani lemoto ngayinye yomkhiqizo ohambisanayo;
Inani lemoto eyodwa: Ngokusekelwe kwivolumu yemali engenayo/yokuthengisa yomkhiqizo ohambisanayo embikweni wonyaka wezi-2021 we-Xinrui Technology. Phakathi kwazo, isiguquli se-DC/DC yi-1589.68 yuan/imoto; I-OBC egibeleyo ingu-2029.32 yuan/imoto.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngaphansi kweplatifomu engu-800V ngo-2025, indawo yemakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba wonke yabaguquli be-DC/DC izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.588 kanye nama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.422, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR engu-170.94% kanye no-188.83% kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2025; Indawo yemakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba jikelele yeshaja engaphakathi kwe-OBC ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.027 kanye nama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-4.369, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR engu-170.94% kanye no-188.83% kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2025.
I-Relay: Ukukhuphuka kwentengo yevolumu ngaphansi komkhuba wamandla kagesi aphezulu
I-high voltage DC relay iyingxenye eyinhloko yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, esebenzisa imoto eyodwa engu-5-8. I-high-voltage DC relay iyi-valve yokuphepha yezimoto zamandla amasha, engena endaweni exhunyiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto futhi ingahlukanisa isistimu yokugcina amandla ohlelweni lukagesi uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwemoto. Njengamanje, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngamalayidi e-DC angu-5-8 aphezulu (okuhlanganisa ama-relay angu-1-2 amakhulu ukuze kushintshwe okuphuthumayo kwesekethe enamandla kakhulu uma kwenzeka kuba nezingozi noma okungahambi kahle kwesekethe; Ishaja yangaphambili engu-1 ukwabelana umthwalo womthelela wamashaja asheshayo angu-1-2 ukuze ahlukanise amandla kagesi aphezulu uma kwenzeka kunokungahambi kahle kwesekethe oku-1-2 okudluliswayo okujwayelekile komshini wokushaja;
Ukubalwa kwesikhala sokudlulisa: ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu emkhathini phakathi neminyaka engama-25, ne-CAGR yedlula izikhathi ezi-2 eminyakeni engama-22-25
Ukubala isikhala se-relay ngaphansi kwemodeli yemoto engu-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
Izimoto zamandla amasha kagesi aphezulu zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngokudluliselwa okungu-5-8, ngakho-ke sikhetha isilinganiso, esinesidingo semoto eyodwa esingu-6;
2. Uma kucatshangelwa ukwenyuka kwevelu yama-DC relay ngemoto ngayinye ngenxa yokukhuthazwa kwezinkundla zokudlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu esikhathini esizayo, sithatha inani leyunithi lama-yuan angu-200 iyunithi ngayinye ngo-2022 futhi siyayinyusa unyaka nonyaka;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, indawo yemakethe yokudluliselwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu kwe-DC ku-800V yesikhulumi ngo-2025 iseduze nama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-3, ne-CAGR engama-202.6%.
Ama-capacitor amafilimu amancane: ukukhetha kokuqala emkhakheni wamandla amasha
Amafilimu azacile asephenduke enye indlela ekhethwayo kune-electrolysis emkhakheni wamandla amasha. Ingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokulawula i-elekthronikhi yezimoto zamandla amasha yi-inverter. Uma ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kubha yebhasi kudlula ibanga elivumelekile, kuzodala umonakalo ku-IGBT. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-capacitor ukwenza bushelelezi nokuhlunga i-voltage ephumayo ye-rectifier, futhi ubambe i-high amplitude pulse current. Emkhakheni we-inverter, ama-capacitor ane-voltage eqinile yokumelana nokuqina, ukuphepha okuphezulu, impilo ende, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kuyadingeka. Ama-capacitor efilimu azacile angahlangabezana kangcono nezidingo ezingenhla, awenze abe yinketho ekhethwayo emkhakheni wamandla amasha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemoto eyodwa kukhuphuka kancane kancane, futhi isidingo sama-capacitor amafilimu amancane sizoba phezulu kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula kwemboni entsha yezimoto zamandla. Isidingo samapulatifomu ezimoto zamandla amasha senyukile, kanti izimoto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifakwe amandla kagesi asheshayo ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngama-capacitor amafilimu amancane angu-2-4. Imikhiqizo ye-Film capacitor ezacile izobhekana nesidingo esikhulu kunezimoto zamandla amasha.
Isidingo sama-capacitor amafilimu azacile: Ukushaja okusheshayo kukagesi kuletha ukukhula okusha, nge-AGR engu-189.2% iminyaka engu-22-25
Ekubalweni kwendawo yama-capacitor amafilimu amancane ngaphansi kwemodeli yemoto engu-800V, sithatha ngokuthi:
1. Inani lama-capacitor amafilimu amancane liyahlukahluka kuye ngamamodeli ezimoto ahlukene namandla emoto. Amandla aphezulu, inani liphezulu, futhi inani elihambelanayo likhuphuka. Uma sithatha inani elimaphakathi lama-yuan angama-300;
2. Isidingo sezimoto zamandla amasha ezishaja ngokushesha ngomfutho ophezulu singamayunithi angu-2-4 ngeyunithi ngayinye, futhi sithatha isidingo esimaphakathi samayunithi angu-3 iyunithi ngayinye.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, isikhala se-capacitor yefilimu esilethwe imodeli yokushaja esheshayo engu-800V ngo-2025 singamayuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.937, nge-CAGR=189.2%
Izixhumi zamandla kagesi aphezulu: ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa nokusebenza
Izixhumi zamandla kagesi aphezulu zifana nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni womuntu, umsebenzi wazo ukudlulisa ngokuqhubekayo amandla esuka ohlelweni lwebhethri iye kumasistimu ahlukahlukene.
Mayelana nomthamo. Njengamanje, lonke ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yezimoto kusasekelwe ikakhulukazi ku-400V. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokushaja okusheshayo okungu-800V, isiguquli samandla kagesi e-DC/DC siyadingeka ukusuka ku-800V siye ku-400V, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe inani lezixhumi. Ngakho-ke, i-high-voltage connector ASP yezimoto zamandla amasha ngaphansi kwe-architecture ye-800V izothuthukiswa kakhulu. Silinganisela ukuthi inani lemoto eyodwa lilinganiselwa ku-3000 yuan (izimoto zendabuko ezisebenza ngophethiloli zinenani elingamayuan ayi-1000).
Mayelana nobuchwepheshe. Izidingo zezixhumi kumasistimu anamandla kagesi zifaka:
1. Iba namandla kagesi aphezulu nokusebenza kwamanje okuphezulu;
2. Ukwenza imisebenzi yokuvikela esezingeni eliphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezehlukene zokusebenza;
Ukusebenza okuhle kokuvikela i-electromagnetic. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza ngaphansi kwethrendi ye-800V, ukuphindaphindwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezixhumi ezinamandla kagesi akunakugwenywa.
Amafuse: Izinga lokungena elinyukile lamafuse amasha
Ama-Fuse "ama-fuse" ezimoto ezintsha zamandla. I-fuse iyidivayisi kagesi okuthi, lapho i-current kusistimu idlula inani elilinganiselwe, ukushisa okukhiqizwa kuzohlanganisa ukuncibilika, kufinyelele injongo yokunqamula isekethe.
Izinga lokungena kwamafuse amasha linyukile. I-fuse evusa amadlingozi iculwa isignali kagesi ukuze ivule idivayisi evusa amadlingozi, ukuyivumela ukuthi ikhiphe amandla agciniwe. Ngokusebenzisa amandla emishini, ikhiqiza ngokushesha ikhefu futhi iqedele ukucisha i-arc yephutha elikhulu lamanje, ngaleyo ndlela inqamule isenzo sokuvikela samanje futhi sizuze. Uma kuqhathaniswa namafuse endabuko, i-excitation capacitor inezici zobukhulu obuncane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, umthamo oqinile wokuthwala wamanje, ukumelana nokushaqeka okukhulu kwamanje, isenzo esisheshayo, kanye nesikhathi sokuvikela esilawulekayo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumasistimu kagesi aphezulu. Ngaphansi komkhuba wokwakhiwa kwe-800V, izinga lokungena emakethe lamafuse okukhuthaza lizokhuphuka ngokushesha, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi inani lemoto eyodwa lifinyelele ku-250 yuan.
Ukubalwa kwesikhala samafuse nezixhumi zamandla kagesi aphezulu: CAGR=189.2% ukusuka eminyakeni engama-22 kuye kwengama-25
Ekubalweni kwendawo yamafuse nezixhumi ezinamandla kakhulu ngaphansi kwemodeli yemoto engu-800V, sicabangela ukuthi:
1. Ivelu yemoto eyodwa yezixhumi zamandla kagesi aphezulu icishe ibe ngu-3000 yuan/imoto;
2. Inani lemoto eyodwa le-fuse lilinganiselwa ku-250 yuan/imoto;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, indawo yemakethe yezixhumi ezinamandla kagesi kanye namafuse elethwe imodeli yokushaja okusheshayo engu-800V ngo-2025 ingu-6.458 wamabhiliyoni ama-yuan nama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-538, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR=189.2%
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2023
