Ngaphansi komklamo wendabuko we-400V, i-magnet ehlala njaloama-motorzijwayele ukushisa kanye nokususwa kwamandla kagesi ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthuthukisa amandla enjini iyonke. Lokhu kunikeza ithuba lokuthi isakhiwo se-800V sifinyelele amandla enjini akhuphukile ngaphansi kwamandla anjalo amanje. Ngaphansi kwesakhiwo se-800V,injiniibhekene nezidingo ezimbili ezinkulu: ukuvikela ukugqwala kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokuvikela.
Izitayela Zomzila Wobuchwepheshe:
Indlela yenqubo yokugoqa injini: ucingo oluyisicaba. Injini yocingo oluyisicaba ibhekisela ku-injiniesebenzisa i-stator egoqekayo eyisicaba egqoke ithusi (ikakhulukazi i-motor ehambisanayo nemagnet ehlala njalo). Uma iqhathaniswa ne-motor ye-wire wire eyindilinga, i-motor ye-wire wire eyisicaba inezinzuzo ezifana nosayizi omncane, izinga eliphezulu lokugcwalisa izikhala, ubuningi bamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kwe-NVH, kanye nokusebenza okungcono kokushisa kanye nokushabalalisa ukushisa. Ingahlangabezana kangcono nokuphishekela ukusebenza kobunzima obulula, ubuningi bamandla aphezulu, kanye nezinye izidingo zokusebenza ngaphansi kwamapulatifomu aphezulu e-voltage, Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inganciphisa inkinga yokugqwala kwamabhere okubangelwa ukuwohloka kwefilimu kawoyela kanye nokwakheka komshini wamanje lapho i-voltage ye-shaft iphezulu.
1. Umkhuba wobuchwepheshe bokupholisa i-motor: ukupholisa uwoyela. Ukupholisa uwoyela kuxazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe bokupholisa amanzi ngokunciphisa ivolumu ye-motor kanye namandla andayo. Inzuzo yokupholisa uwoyela ukuthi uwoyela unezakhiwo ezingahambisi ugesi kanye nezingezikagesi, ukusebenza okungcono kokushisa, futhi ungathinta ngqo izingxenye zangaphakathi ze-motor. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza, amazinga okushisa angaphakathi kawoyela apholileama-motorcishe zingaphansi ngo-15% kunalezo zamanzi apholileama-motor, okwenza kube lula ukuthi injini ikhiphe ukushisa.
Ukulawula ugesi: Isixazululo esihlukile se-SiC, esibonisa izinzuzo zokusebenza
Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi wehlise ivolumu. Ngokuthuthuka kwepulatifomu yokusebenza ye-800V high voltage yamabhethri, kuye kwabekwa izidingo eziphakeme zezingxenye ezihlobene nokushayela kagesi kanye nokulawula kwe-elekthronikhi.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Fodie Power, amadivayisi e-silicon carbide anezinzuzo ezilandelayo ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yokulawula izimoto:
1. Kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithwalo ephansi ohlelweni lokulawula ngogesi, kwandise ububanzi bemoto ngo-5-10%;
2. Khulisa ubukhulu bamandla esilawuli kusuka ku-18kw/L kuya ku-45kw/L, okusiza ekunciphiseni amandla kagesi;
3. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwendawo esebenza kahle okubalwa ngo-85% ngo-6%, nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yomthwalo ophakathi nendawo nophansi ngo-10%;
4. Umthamo we-prototype yokulawula kagesi ye-silicon carbide wehliswa ngo-40%, okungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala futhi kusize ekuthuthukisweni kwe-miniaturization.
Ukubalwa kwesikhala sokulawula kagesi: Usayizi wemakethe ungafinyelela ku-2.5 billion yuan,
I-CAGR yeminyaka emithathu engu-189.9%
Ukuze kubalwe indawo yesilawuli semoto ngaphansi komodeli wemoto engu-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
1. Imoto entsha yamandla ngaphansi kwepulatifomu enamandla aphezulu ifakwe isethi yabalawuli bezimoto noma i-electric drive assembly;
2. Inani lemoto eyodwa: Ngokusekelwe emalini engenayo/ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ehambisanayo eyamenyezelwa embikweni wonyaka we-Intel ka-2021, inani lingu-1141.29 yuan/isethi. Uma sibheka ukuthi ukuthandwa nokukhuthazwa kwamadivayisi e-silicon carbide emkhakheni wemikhiqizo yokulawula kagesi esikhathini esizayo kuzoholela ekwandeni kwenani leyunithi yemikhiqizo, sicabanga ukuthi intengo yeyunithi izoba ngu-1145 yuan/isethi ngo-2022 futhi ikhuphuke unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngo-2025, isikhala semakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba wonke yabalawuli bakagesi epulatifomu ye-800V sizoba yi-yuan eyizigidigidi eziyi-1.154 kanye ne-yuan eyizigidigidi eziyi-2.486 ngokulandelana. I-CAGR yeminyaka engu-22-25 izoba yi-172.02% kanye ne-189.98%.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla emoto: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwedivayisi ye-SiC, olusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-800V
Ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo: Uma kuqhathaniswa namashubhu e-silicon MOS endabuko, amashubhu e-silicon carbide MOS anezici ezinhle kakhulu njengokumelana nokudonsa okuphansi, ukumelana namandla aphezulu, izici ezinhle zemvamisa ephezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nomthamo omncane kakhulu we-junction. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yamandla ezimoto (i-OBC) efakwe amadivayisi asekelwe ku-Si, ingakhuphula imvamisa yokushintsha, inciphise ivolumu, inciphise isisindo, ithuthukise ubuningi bamandla, futhi ikhuphule ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, imvamisa yokushintsha ikhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-4-5; Yehlisa ivolumu cishe izikhathi ezimbili; Yehlisa isisindo izikhathi ezimbili; Ubuningi bamandla bukhuphuke kusukela ku-2.1 kuya ku-3.3kw/L; Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle ngo-3%+.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi e-SiC kungasiza imikhiqizo yamandla ezimoto ukuthi ihambisane nezitayela ezifana nobuningi bamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa okuphezulu, kanye nokunciphisa okulula, futhi ivumelane kangcono nezidingo zokushaja okusheshayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamapulatifomu angu-800V. Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi kagesi e-SiC ku-DC/DC kungaletha nokumelana kwamandla aphezulu, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, kanye nokukhanya kumadivayisi.
Ngokuphathelene nokudala ukukhula kwemakethe: Ukuze zivumelane nenqwaba yokushaja okusheshayo yendabuko ye-400V DC, izimoto ezihlome ngeplatifomu ye-voltage engu-800V kumele zihlome nge-converter eyengeziwe ye-DC/DC ukuze kukhuliswe i-400V ibe yi-800V yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kwamabhethri kagesi, okwandisa kakhulu isidingo samadivayisi e-DC/DC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iplatifomu ye-voltage ephezulu iphinde yakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamashaja angaphakathi, iletha izengezo ezintsha kuma-OBC ane-voltage ephezulu.
Ukubalwa Kwesikhala Sokuphakelwa Kwamandla Ezimoto: Ngaphezu kwama-yuan ayizigidigidi ezintathu esikhaleni eminyakeni engama-25, okuphinda kabili i-CAGR eminyakeni engama-22-25
Ukuze kubalwe indawo yomkhiqizo wokunikezwa kwamandla emoto (i-DC/DC converter kanye neshaja yemoto i-OBC) ngaphansi komodeli wemoto engu-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
Imoto entsha yamandla ifakwe isethi yama-converter e-DC/DC kanye neshaja engaphakathi kwebhodi i-OBC noma isethi yemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yamandla engaphakathi kwebhodi;
Indawo Yemakethe Yemikhiqizo Yamandla Ezimoto=Ukuthengiswa Kwezimoto Ezintsha Zamandla × Inani lemoto ngayinye yomkhiqizo ohambisanayo;
Inani lemoto eyodwa: Ngokusekelwe kwinani lemali engenayo/lokuthengisa lomkhiqizo ohambisanayo embikweni wonyaka ka-2021 we-Xinrui Technology. Phakathi kwazo, i-DC/DC converter ingu-1589.68 yuan/imoto; I-OBC engaphakathi ingu-2029.32 yuan/imoto.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngaphansi kwepulatifomu engu-800V ngo-2025, isikhala semakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba wonke sabaguquli be-DC/DC sizoba yi-yuan eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.588 kanye ne-yuan eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-3.422, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR engu-170.94% kanye ne-188.83% kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2025; Isikhala semakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba wonke se-OBC charger esisebhodini singama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-2.027 kanye ne-yuan eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-4.369, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR engu-170.94% kanye ne-188.83% kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2025.
I-Relay: Ukwenyuka kwentengo yevolumu ngaphansi komkhuba we-voltage ephezulu
I-DC relay ene-voltage ephezulu iyisici esiyinhloko sezimoto ezintsha zamandla, esebenzisa imoto eyodwa engu-5-8. I-DC relay ene-voltage ephezulu iyivalvu yokuphepha yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, engena esimweni esixhunyiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto futhi ingahlukanisa uhlelo lokugcina amandla ohlelweni lukagesi uma kwenzeka imoto ihluleka. Njengamanje, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zidinga ukuhlonyiswa nge-5-8 high-voltage DC relay (kufaka phakathi i-1-2 main relay yokushintsha okuphuthumayo kwesekethe ene-voltage ephezulu uma kwenzeka izingozi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesekethe; ishaja eyodwa yangaphambi kokwabelana ngomthwalo womthelela we-main relay; ishaja esheshayo engu-1-2 yokuhlukanisa i-high-voltage uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwesekethe ngokuzumayo; i-1-2 evamile yokushaja; kanye ne-1 high-voltage system assistant machine relay).
Ukubalwa kwesikhala sokudlulisa: ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu esikhaleni zingakapheli iminyaka engama-25, kanti i-CAGR idlula izikhathi ezimbili eminyakeni engama-22-25
Ukuze sibale isikhala se-relay ngaphansi komodeli wemoto engu-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
Izimoto ezintsha zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngama-relay angu-5-8, ngakho-ke sikhetha isilinganiso, ngesidingo semoto eyodwa esingu-6;
2. Uma sibheka ukwenyuka kwenani lama-DC relay ngemoto ngayinye ngenxa yokukhuthazwa kwamapulatifomu e-high-voltage relay esikhathini esizayo, sicabanga ukuthi intengo yeyunithi ingu-200 yuan ngeyunithi ngayinye ngo-2022 futhi siyayikhulisa unyaka nonyaka;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, isikhala semakethe sama-DC relay aphezulu epulatifomu engu-800V ngo-2025 siseduze nama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu, nge-CAGR engu-202.6%.
Ama-capacitor efilimu amancane: ukukhetha kokuqala emkhakheni wamandla amasha
Amafilimu amancane abe yindlela ekhethwayo esikhundleni se-electrolysis emkhakheni wamandla amasha. Ingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokulawula kagesi yezimoto ezintsha zamandla yi-inverter. Uma ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kubha yebhasi kudlula ububanzi obuvunyelwe, kuzodala umonakalo ku-IGBT. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-capacitor ukuze kushelele futhi kuhlungwe amandla kagesi okukhiphayo we-rectifier, futhi kudonswe amandla kagesi aphezulu. Emkhakheni we-inverter, ama-capacitor anokumelana okunamandla kwamandla kagesi, ukuphepha okuphezulu, isikhathi eside sokuphila, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Ama-capacitor efilimu amancane angahlangabezana kangcono nezidingo ezingenhla, okwenza abe ukukhetha okuthandwayo emkhakheni wamandla amasha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezizimele kuyanda kancane kancane, futhi isidingo sama-capacitor efilimu encane sizoba phezulu kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula kwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Isidingo samapulatifomu ezimoto ezintsha zamandla aphezulu sikhulile, kuyilapho izimoto zikagesi eziphezulu ezihlonyiswe ngokushaja okusheshayo kwe-voltage ephezulu ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngama-capacitor efilimu amancane angu-2-4. Imikhiqizo ye-capacitor yefilimu encane izobhekana nesidingo esikhulu kunezimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Isidingo sama-capacitor efilimu encane: Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-voltage ephezulu kuletha ukukhula okusha, nge-AGR engu-189.2% iminyaka engu-22-25
Ukuze kubalwe indawo yama-capacitor efilimu encane ngaphansi komodeli wezimoto ezingama-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
1. Intengo yama-capacitor efilimu encane iyahlukahluka kuye ngamamodeli ezimoto ahlukene kanye namandla enjini. Uma amandla ephezulu, inani liphezulu, futhi intengo ehambisanayo iphakeme. Uma sicabanga ngentengo emaphakathi engu-300 yuan;
2. Isidingo sezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezinokushaja okusheshayo okunomfutho ophezulu singamayunithi angu-2-4 ngeyunithi ngayinye, futhi sicabanga ukuthi isidingo esimaphakathi samayunithi angu-3 ngeyunithi ngayinye.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, isikhala se-capacitor yefilimu esilethwe yimodeli yokushaja okusheshayo engu-800V ngo-2025 singama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.937, nge-CAGR = 189.2%
Izixhumi ze-voltage ephezulu: ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa nokusebenza
Izixhumi ze-voltage ephezulu zifana nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni womuntu, umsebenzi wazo ukudlulisa amandla njalo kusuka ohlelweni lwebhethri kuya ezinhlelweni ezahlukene.
Ngokuphathelene nomthamo. Njengamanje, ukwakheka kwesistimu yezimoto konke kusasekelwe kakhulu ku-400V. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokushaja okusheshayo kwe-800V, kudingeka i-DC/DC voltage converter kusuka ku-800V kuya ku-400V, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe inani lezixhumi. Ngakho-ke, i-ASP yesixhumi se-high-voltage sezimoto ezintsha zamandla ngaphansi kokwakhiwa kwe-800V izothuthukiswa kakhulu. Silinganisela ukuthi inani lemoto eyodwa lingaba ngu-3000 yuan (izimoto zendabuko ezisebenzisa uphethiloli zinenani elingaba ngu-1000 yuan).
Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe. Izidingo zezixhumi ezinhlelweni ze-high-voltage zifaka:
1. Ine-voltage ephezulu kanye nokusebenza kwamanje okuphezulu;
2. Sebenzisa imisebenzi yokuvikela esezingeni eliphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene;
Zinezivikela ezinhle ze-electromagnetic. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza ngaphansi komkhuba we-800V, ukuphindaphinda kobuchwepheshe kwezixhumi ze-high-voltage akunakugwenywa.
AmaFuse: Izinga lokungena kwamaFuse amasha elandisiwe
Ama-fuse “ayi-fuse” yezimoto ezintsha zamandla. I-fuse iyithuluzi likagesi, lapho ugesi ohlelweni udlula inani elilinganisiwe, ukushisa okukhiqizwayo kuzohlanganisa ukuncibilika, kufezwe injongo yokunqamula isekethe.
Izinga lokungena kwama-fuse amasha liye landa. I-fuse yokuvuselela ivuselelwa yisignali kagesi ukuze isebenze idivayisi yokuvuselela, ivumele ukuthi ikhulule amandla agciniwe. Ngamandla omshini, idala ikhefu ngokushesha futhi iqedele ukucima kwe-arc komsinga omkhulu wephutha, ngaleyo ndlela inqamule umsinga futhi ifinyelele isenzo sokuvikela. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-fuse endabuko, i-capacitor yokuvuselela inezici zobukhulu obuncane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, amandla okuthwala umsinga aqinile, ukumelana nokushaqeka okukhulu komsinga, isenzo esisheshayo, kanye nesikhathi sokuvikela esilawulekayo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamandla aphezulu. Ngaphansi komkhuba wokwakhiwa kwe-800V, izinga lokungena emakethe kwama-fuse okukhuthaza lizokhula ngokushesha, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi inani lemoto eyodwa lifinyelele ku-250 yuan.
Ukubalwa kwesikhala sama-fuse kanye nezixhumi ze-high-voltage: I-CAGR=189.2% kusukela eminyakeni engama-22 kuya kwengama-25
Ukuze sibale ama-fuse nezixhumi ze-high-voltage ngaphansi komodeli wezimoto ze-800V, sicabanga ukuthi:
1. Inani lemoto eyodwa lezixhumi ze-high-voltage licishe libe yi-3000 yuan/imoto;
2. Inani lemoto eyodwa le-fuse licishe libe yi-250 yuan/imoto;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, isikhala semakethe sezixhumi ze-high-voltage nama-fuse alethwe yimodeli yokushaja okusheshayo ye-800V ngo-2025 singama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-6.458 kanye nama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-538, ngokulandelana, nge-CAGR = 189.2%
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-10-2023
